Ces Urol 2023, 27(2):86-94 | DOI: 10.48095/cccu2023013

Prognostic factors in metastatic prostate cancer

Alžběta Kantorová, Viktor Soukup, Otakar Čapoun
Urologická klinika VFN a 1. LF UK, Praha

Kantorová A, Soukup V, Čapoun O. Prognostic factors in metastatic prostate cancer. Metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) is a heterogeneous group of diseases with a median survival of 42 months. The basic treatment of mPC is always a combined treatment with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT - androgen deprivation therapy) with new antiandrogens (ARTA - androgen receptor targeted agents) such as enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide or with the new testosterone synthesis blocker abiraterone acetate (AA) or with chemotherapy (docetaxel, cabazitaxel). To determine prognosis, we use prognostic factors that correlate with survival independent of systemic therapy. In this article, we provide an overview of the currently used prognostic factors.

Keywords: Prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer, prognostic factors, prognosis.

Received: February 20, 2023; Revised: April 20, 2023; Accepted: April 28, 2023; Prepublished online: May 2, 2023; Published: June 16, 2023 

Open full article

References

  1. Scher HI. Observed Advantages of the STAMPEDE Study Design. Eur Urol. 2015; 67(6): 1039-41. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Romero Otero J, Garcia Gomez B, Campos Juanatey F, Touijer KA. Prostate cancer biomarkers: An update. Urol Oncol Semin Orig Investig. 2014; 32(3): 252- 60. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Veselý Š. Current clinical utility of prostate cancer markers. Onkologie. 2019; 13(2): 78-82. Go to original source...
  4. Tang P, Sun L, Uhlman MA et al. Baseline PSA as a predictor of prostate cancer specific mortality over the past 2 decades: Duke University experience. Cancer. 2010; 116(20): 4711-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. Řezáč J, Čapoun O, Soukup V. Serum oncomarkers for prostate cancer. Ces Urol. 2021; 25(4): 236-243.
  6. Vickers AJ, Brewster SF. PSA Velocity and Doubling Time in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer. Br J Med Surg Urol. 2012; 5(4): 162-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. Hussain M, Tangen CM, Higano C, et al. Absolute Prostate­‑Specific Antigen Value After Androgen Deprivation Is a Strong Independent Predictor of Survival in New Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Data from Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9346 (INT-0162). J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(24): 3984-90. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  8. Lozar T, Gersak K, Cemazar M, Kuhar CG, Jesenko T. The biology and clinical potential of circulating tumor cells. Radiol Oncol. 2019; 53(2): 131-47. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Dathathri E, Isebia KT, Abali F, et al. Liquid Biopsy Based Circulating Biomarkers in Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol. 2022; 12: 863472. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. de Bono JS, Scher HI, Montgomery RB, et al. Circulating Tumor Cells Predict Survival Benefit from Treatment in Metastatic Castration­‑Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 14(19): 6302-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Scher HI, Heller G, Molina A, et al. Circulating Tumor Cell Biomarker Panel as an Individual­‑Level Surrogate for Survival in Metastatic Castration­‑Resistant Prostate Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015; 33(12): 348-55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Vasseur A, Kiavue N, Bidard F, Pierga J, Cabel L. Clinical utility of circulating tumor cells: an update. Mol Oncol. 2021; 15(6): 1647-66. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. Čapoun O, Soukup V, Mikulová V, et al. Cirkulující nádorové buňky a prognóza karcinomu prostaty. Čas. Lék. čes. 2014; 152: 72-77.
  14. Petrelli F, Cabiddu M, Coinu A, et al. Prognostic role of lactate dehydrogenase in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta­‑analysis of 76 studies. Acta Oncol. 2015; 54(7): 961-70. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. Koukourakis MI, Giatromanolaki A, Sivridis E, Gatter KC, Harris AL. Lactate Dehydrogenase 5 Expression in Operable Colorectal Cancer: Strong Association with Survival and Activated Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Pathway A Report of the Tumour Angiogenesis Research Group. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(26): 4301-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  16. Li F, Xiang H, Pang Z, et al. Association between lactate dehydrogenase levels and oncologic outcomes in metastatic prostate cancer: A meta­‑analysis. Cancer Med.2020; 9(19): 7341-51.
  17. Epstein JI, Egevad L, Srigley JR, Humphrey PA. The 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Gleason Grading of Prostatic Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016; 40(2): 244-52. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Karnofsky DA, Burchenal JH. Present status of clinical cancer chemotherapy. Am J Med. 1950; 8(6): 767-88. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, et al. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol. 1982; 5(6): 649-55. Go to original source...
  20. Kapoor R, Saxena AK, Vasudev P, Sundriyal D, Kumar A. Cancer induced bone pain: current management and future perspectives. Med Oncol. 2021; 38(11): 134. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. Zajączkowska R, Kocot­‑Kępska M, Leppert W, Wordliczek J. Bone Pain in Cancer Patients: Mechanisms and Current Treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(23): 6047. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. Yoong J, Poon P. Principles of cancer pain management: An overview and focus on pharmacological and interventional strategies. Aust J Gen Pract. 2018; 47(11): 758-62. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. Batson OV. The function of the vertebral veins and their role in the spread of metastases: Ann Surg. 1940; 112(1): 138-49. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  24. Smith AE, Muralidharan A, Smith MT. Prostate cancer induced bone pain: pathobiology, current treatments and pain responses from recent clinical trials. Discov Oncol. 2022; 13(1): 108. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. Yoneda T, Hiasa M, Nagata Y, Okui T, White FA. Acidic microenvironment and bone pain in cancer­‑colonized bone. Bonekey Rep. 2015; 4: 690. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Halabi S, Vogelzang NJ, Kornblith AB, et al. Pain Predicts Overall Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration­‑Refractory Prostate Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26(15): 2544-9. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  27. Jenšovský J. Sarkopenie: definice a diagnostika nové nemoci. Clin Osteol. 2019; 24(1): 14-18.
  28. Cruz­‑Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(4): 412-23. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC­‑F: A Simple Questionnaire to Rapidly Diagnose Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013; 14(8): 531-2. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. Ohtaka A, Aoki H, Nagata M, et al. Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor of castrationresistant prostate cancer treated with docetaxel therapy. Prostate Int. 2019; 7(1): 9-14. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global Cancer Statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005; 55(2): 74-108. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  32. Ibrahim A, Scher N, Williams G, et al. Approval Summary for Zoledronic Acid for Treatment of Multiple Myeloma and Cancer Bone Metastases. Clin Cancer Res. 2003; 9(7): 2394-9.
  33. Katolická J. Bisfosfonáty u urologických malignit. Onkologie. 2013: 7(1): 18-21.
  34. Sharma A, Sinha RJ, Singh V, et al. Implications of the Fracture Risk Assessment Algorithm for the assessment and improvement of bone health in patients with prostate cancer: a comprehensive review. Türk Ürol DergisiTurkish J Urol. 2019; 45(4): 245-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Shahinian VB, Goodwin JS. Risk of Fracture after Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2005; 352(2): 154-64. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. Oefelein MG, Ricchiuti V, Conrad W, Resnick MI. Skeletal fractures negatively correlate with overall survival in men with prostate cancer. The Journal of Urology. 2002; 168(3): 1005-1007. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  37. Sweeney CJ, Chen YH, Carducci M, et al. Chemohormonal Therapy in Metastatic Hormone­‑Sensitive Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015; 373(8): 737-46. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  38. Kyriakopoulos CE, Chen YH, Carducci MA, et al. Chemohormonal Therapy in Metastatic Hormone­‑Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Long­‑Term Survival Analysis of the Randomized Phase III E3805 CHAARTED Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018; 36(11): 1080-7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  39. Gravis G, Boher JM, Chen YH, et al. Burden of Metastatic Castrate Naive Prostate Cancer Patients, to Identify Men More Likely to Benefit from Early Docetaxel: Further Analyses of CHAARTED and GETUG­‑AFU15 Studies. Eur Urol. 2018; 73(6): 847- 55. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. Fizazi K, Tran N, Fein L, et al. Abiraterone plus Prednisone in Metastatic, Castration Sensitive Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377(4): 352-60. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  41. Francini E, Gray KP, Xie W, et al. Time of metastatic disease presentation and volume of disease are prognostic for metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). The Prostate. 2018; 78(12): 889-95. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

Return to the content



Web časopisu Česká urologie je určen pouze pro lékaře a odborníky
z oblasti medicíny nebo farmacie.



Beru na vědomí, že informace zveřejněné na těchto stránkách
nejsou určeny pro laickou veřejnost.


Odejít Vstoupit