ČESKÁ UROLOGIE / CZECH UROLOGY – 4 / 2018

274 Ces Urol 2018; 22(4): 266–274 ORIGINÁLNÍ PRÁCE ZÁVER Klesajúca mužská plodnosť je alarmujúca celosvetová zdravotná otázka, ktorej rozsah a dopad stále nedokážeme presne uchopiť. Je potrebný multidisciplinárny prístup a množstvo výskumov základnej etiológie a následnej tera‑ pie. Je potrebná osveta a záujem nielen odbornej ale aj laickej verejnosti a otázku mužskej (ne) plodnosti. LITERATURA 1. Levine H, Jørgensen N, Martino‑Andrade A, et al. Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta‑regression analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2017; 23(6): 646–659. 2. Kumar N, Singh AK. Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: a review of literature. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2015; 8(4): 191–196. 3. Williamson R. Properties of rapidly labelled deoxyribonucleic acid fragments isolated from the cytoplasm of primary cultures of embryonic mouse liver cell. JMB 1970; 51(1): 157–160. 4. Paul C, Murray A, Spears N, et al. A single, mild, transient scrotal heat stress causes DNA damage, sub‑ fertility and impairs formation of blastocysts in mice. Reproduction 2008; 136(1): 73-84. 5. Peluso G, Palmieri A, Cozza PP, et al. The study of spermatic DNA fragmentation and sperm motility in infertile subjects. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2013; 85(1): 8-13. 6. Molina RI, Martini AC, Tissera A, et al. Semen quality and aging: analysis of 9.168 samples in Cordoba. Argentina. Arch Esp Urol. 2010; 63(3): 214–222. 7. Jørgensen N, Joensen UN, Jensen TK, et al. Human semen quality in the newmillennium: a prospective cross‑sectional population‑based study of 4 867 men. BMJ Open. 2012; 2(4): e000990. 8. Axelsson J, Rylander L, Rignell‑Hydbom A, Giwercman A. No secular trend over the last decade in sperm counts among Swedish men from the general population. Hum Reprod 201; 26(5): 1012–1016. 9. Baudoard C. Ménézo Y, Panteix G, Ravanat JL, et al. Determination of new types of DNA lesions in human sperm. Zygote 2008; 16 (1): 9–13. 10. Singh NP, Muller CH, Berger RE. The effects of male age on sperm DNA damage in healthy non‑smokers. Fertil Steril 2003; 80(6): 1420–1430 11. Winkle T, et al. The correlation between male age, sperm quality and sperm DNA fragmentation in 320 Men) attending a fertility center. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26 (1): 41–46. 12. Agarwal A, Gupta S, Du Plessis S, et al. Abstinence time and its impact on basic and advanced semen parameters. Urology 2016; 94: 102–110 13. Bashir M, Ayad G, Van der Horst S, du Plessis S. Short abstinence: a potential strategy for the impro‑ vement of sperm quality. Middle East Fertil Soc J 2018; 23 (1): 37–43 14. Ménézo Y, Dale B, Cohen M. DNA damage and repair in human oocytes and embryos: a review. Zygote 2010; 18(4): 357–365.